Accidents at work and occupational diseases
Improved working conditions - including employment and health protection, and corporate and general measures to promote good health at work - are helping to reduce incapacity for work levels, accidents at work, and occupational diseases. Between 1992 and 2003, the number of accidents at work has fallen by almost half from 2.1 million to 1.1 million, and commuting accidents from 260, 000 to 200,000. There has been a particularly sharp decline in the number of occupational diseases actually reported - from 190,000 to 65,000. By far the most frequent, recognized occupational disease is noise induced hearing loss.
Asbestos-related diseases follow in second place. Among women, who are often exposed to different risks at work, the most frequent occupational illnesses are infectious diseases, skin diseases and allergic diseases of the respiratory tract. Workplacerelated health policy has focused on prevention over the last few years. Apart from the classic protective measures, the prevention of risk factors has been at the centre of attention. For example, although back complaints can be influenced by the activity engaged in at work, there are often other contributory factors such as overweight, a lack of (or too one-sided) sporting activity, inborne malposition or psychological problems.
Inhouse medical checkups can also help reduce psychosocial burdens, which can increase the risk of disability and industrial accidents. The benefits and effectiveness of safety at work measures can vary considerably from industry to industry. This is because of the differences in the activities that people engage in and hence in the risks involved. Nevertheless, statistics clearly show not only that safety at work is very important from an ethical viewpoint, but also that it is a major economic factor. Networked cooperation between everyone involved in employment and general health protection can have a very beneficial effect in this context.